How to bake simple shortbread plus 10 recipes (2024)

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Melissa Clark

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  • Dan Lepard's shortbread recipe (as seen in video above)

Most good cooks have a few go-to dishes they can whip up without a recipe, dependable things to make on autopilot that can be adapted to fit their hunger, the contents of their fridge, or the occasion at hand.

This truth doesn't always extend to bakers, who are often at the mercy of a more complicated formula for their cakes and meringues. Shortbread, however, is one rich and crumbly exception.

How to bake simple shortbread plus 10 recipes (1)

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Consisting of only four ingredients that you probably already have on hand (butter, sugar, flour and salt), and lacking in challenging techniques, shortbread is quick to master and always delightful to serve.

What makes shortbread so accessible is the simple ratio of its ingredients: 125g butter to 1 cup flour, with sugar and salt added to taste.

I like my shortbread on the sweeter, saltier side. But feel free to take the sugar and salt down if you want something more restrained.

How to bake simple shortbread plus 10 recipes (2)

In Scotland, shortbread is often made with a combination of rice flour and wheat flour, which gives it a distinctive brittle crispness. Rice flour has become easier to find, thanks to a growing demand for gluten-free alternatives to wheat flour.

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If you can get it and like a pronounced crunch, try substituting it for half a cup of the all-purpose flour. Other flours like wholemeal, buckwheat and cornmeal are also options for changing things up.

Classic shortbread generally doesn't have any other flavourings beyond those of the core ingredients. At its simplest, it tastes of good butter and not much else. So always use the best butter you can get.

If you do want to add flavours, you can, as long as you don't add more than a teaspoon or so of liquid (vanilla, almond extract or rum, for example) to the dough. Anything more than that can make the cookies soft rather than crisp.

Dry ingredients like spices, citrus zest and vanilla seeds work better for preserving the brittle crumble of the cookie. You can also add nuts and seeds for texture and flavour.

Then bake your shortbread low and slow. It shouldn't take on much colour in the oven, staying pale on top, turning gold at the edges. Once it's baked and stored airtight, it will maintain its crunch for weeks – if it doesn't get devoured first.

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Shortbread, 10 ways

Basic shortbread recipe

Ingredients

2 cups (250g) plain flour

⅔ cup (150g) castor sugar

¾ tsp fine salt

1 cup (250g) cold unsalted butter, cut into 2.5cm chunks

Method

1. Heat oven to 160C. Pulse together flour, sugar and salt in a food processor. Add butter and pulse to fine crumbs. Pulse a few more times until some of the crumbs start to come together, but don't over-process; the dough should be somewhat crumbly. (You can also mix the dough in a bowl using two knives or a pastry cutter.)

2. Press dough into an even layer in an ungreased 20cm or 23cm-square baking tin, or a 23cm pie dish. Prick dough all over with a fork. Bake until golden brown, about 35 to 40 minutes for the 23cm square or pie dish, 45 to 50 minutes for the 20cm. Transfer to a wire rack to cool. Cut into squares, bars or wedges while still warm.

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How to bake simple shortbread plus 10 recipes (3)

Here are nine variations for the master shortbread recipe above:

Scottish shortbread

Use 1½ cups plain flour and ½ cup white rice flour.

Tender shortbread

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Substitute icing sugar for the castor sugar, and ⅓ cup cornflour for ⅓ cup of flour.

Vanilla bean shortbread

Split a vanilla bean in half lengthwise and use the back of a knife to scrape out the seeds. Pulse the seeds into the flour-sugar mixture before adding butter. Or add up to one teaspoon vanilla extract with the butter.

Citrus shortbread

Add one to 1½ teaspoons finely grated lemon, lime or orange zest with the flour. Add up to one teaspoon orange blossom water with the butter if desired. These are classic with poppy seeds.

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Nut shortbread

Grind ½ cup toasted nuts in the food processor with the flour before combining with remaining ingredients.

How to bake simple shortbread plus 10 recipes (4)

Spice or seed shortbread

Add up to one teaspoon spices, like ground cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg or cardamom, or seeds like caraway or anise. Or add up to three tablespoons poppy or sesame seeds.

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Brown or maple sugar shortbread

Substitute ⅓ cup light or dark brown sugar or maple sugar for the castor sugar. This yields a slightly softer shortbread.

Cornmeal or wholemeal shortbread

Substitute up to ½ cup cornmeal or wholemeal flour for ½ cup of plain flour. Season with spices, seeds, citrus or rosemary if desired.

Buckwheat shortbread

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Substitute up to ⅓ cup buckwheat flour for ⅓ cup of plain flour.

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How to bake simple shortbread plus 10 recipes (2024)

FAQs

What is the secret to making good shortbread? ›

Tips To Make the Best Shortbread Cookies
  • Choose High Quality Butter. No matter what brand of butter you buy, if it's real butter, you can rest assured that it's the best. ...
  • Keep Ingredients Simple. ...
  • Add Flavor. ...
  • Don't Overwork. ...
  • Shape Dough. ...
  • Chill Before Baking. ...
  • Bake Until Golden. ...
  • Add Finishing Touches.

What is the formula for shortbread? ›

Traditional shortbread recipes are 1 part sugar, 2 parts butter, and 3 parts flour.

What are common mistakes when making shortbread? ›

The most common mistakes when making shortbread are over-working the dough, and incorporating too much flour. The less you work the dough, the more crumbly and melt-in-your-mouth your shortbread cookies will be.

Should shortbread be crunchy or soft? ›

Shortbread should always have a tender, melting texture, but be slightly crisp when you bite into it. It should not generally be damp or wet underneath. A classic shortbread recipe will also only have flour, butter and sugar as the ingredients (in a 3:2:1 ratio) and not egg, which could lead to excess moisture.

What is the difference between shortbread and Scottish shortbread? ›

Traditional Scottish shortbread is a simple recipe made with sugar, butter, flour, and salt. Other shortbread styles will include leavening agents like baking powder and baking soda, which makes them crisp instead of crumbly like traditional Scottish shortbread.

Why do you put shortbread in the fridge before baking? ›

Why do you put shortbread cut-out cookies in the fridge before baking? This is to resolidify the butter. The butter is at room temperature when making the dough resulting in a soft dough. If baked straight away, the butter would melt away immediately when hitting the hot oven and the shortbread would spread.

Why put egg in shortbread? ›

This unexpected addition will make buttery confections like shortbreads and shortcakes even more tender and flaky. “Biscuits should be crumbly, buttery and sweet,” reads a headnote for a cinnamon sugar-spiced shortbread recipe in the Ritz London Cookbook.

Should you chill shortbread before baking? ›

As Leiths also recommend chilling the dough before baking, although only for 15 minutes, I make another batch of their recipe with soft butter, stick it straight in the oven without passing the fridge, and end up with thinner, crunchier biscuits – presumably because the mixture spreads as the fat melts.

What is the new name for shortbread? ›

ABC Bakers - Did you hear the news?! Shortbread is now Trefoils®! | Facebook.

Why do you put fork holes in shortbread? ›

The word "bread" comes from "biscuit bread" which was made from leftover bread dough that was sweetened and dried out in the oven to make biscuits. Why do you poke holes in shortbread? The holes allow the moisture to escape during baking and more even heat distribution. This helps dry out and crisp up the cookies.

What happens if you don't poke holes in shortbread? ›

Piercing the shortbread with a fork is not only for decoration, but it's meant for more even baking. Poking holes in the shortbread allows the heat to penetrate the cookie, hence more even baking. Notice I'm using powdered sugar here. You'll see lots of shortbread recipes using granulated sugar.

What are the disadvantages of shortbread? ›

Sugar provides a fast source of energy. There are rarely any artificial additives. Cons: Shortbread is a weight watcher's nightmare because it is extremely high in saturated fat and calories. Saturated fat is the 'bad' fat which is linked to artery-clogging high cholesterol and heart disease.

How do I know when my shortbread is done? ›

Check doneness by looking for an even, light brown colour across the top of the biscuits, with slight darkening at the edges. Begin checking at the tail end of the cooking time. Undercooked shortbread will be doughy and chewy. Slightly overcooked and it will become chalky, brittle and hard.

What happens if you put too much butter in shortbread? ›

Greasy mess: Extra butter means more fat, making the dough greasy and difficult to handle. Spreading like crazy: Cookies lose their shape, spreading thin and flat instead of staying nice and round. Uneven baking: The excess fat can burn easily on the edges while leaving the center undercooked.

Does butter need to be cold for shortbread? ›

Fine Cooking explains that the butter should be at refrigerator temperature. While many cookie recipes call for softened butter or at room temperature, if your butter isn't cold when making shortbread, it's likely to turn out greasy or be difficult to roll out.

What are the qualities of a good shortbread? ›

Good shortbread is pale, buttery, crunchy, and 'short'. This means it crumbles at every bite, giving that characteristic shortbread texture. It shouldn't be soft or chewy like cookies, and it shouldn't be browned.

Should butter be cold for shortbread? ›

Should butter be cold or room temperature for making shortbread? Always start with cold butter straight from the refrigerator. This will keep the dough from warming up, making it greasy and difficult to roll out.

What does adding cornstarch to shortbread do? ›

The cornstarch is used to give these buttery treats a crispy, melt-in-the-mouth texture. It also helps prevent the cookies from becoming too crumbly and breaking apart. Once you've added cornstarch (cornflour) to these cookies, you're going to want to try it in other cookie recipes to get the incredible texture!

Should you sift flour for shortbread? ›

We recommend sifting flour when making all kinds of baked goods to break up any clumps. It's especially a good idea in a recipe that has only three ingredients, like this one.

References

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